Available Answers

1. 1.

   Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verb in the simple present tense or the present perfect tense.

   1. _______________ Rati _______________ her keys again? She _______________ them very often. (misplace)
   2. She _______________ very well. In fact, she _______________ a delicious curry for lunch today. (cook)
   3. I _______________ already _______________ the snacks. Tell Aditi not to _______________ anymore. (bring)
   4. I like to wake up before the sun _______________ because I like to watch it _______________. (rise)
   5. I _______________ already _______________ what I want to buy. Now you have to _______________. (choose)
   6. She _______________ to see the fair. Why don't you _______________ too? (go)
2. 2.

   Form antonyms for the words in the box by adding the correct prefixes and then complete the sentences.

   polite, common, obedient, convenient, literate

   1. Can we meet at a time that is _________________ for both of us? It is _________________ for me to step out after five p.m.
   2. Beth is very sweet and _________________. Amy, on the other hand, is an _________________ child.
   3. Most of the elders in the village never had the chance to study and are _________________. But now, all the children go to school and are _________________.
   4. In the beginning, the students were _________________ and did not listen to their teacher. Over time, they mended their ways and became _________________.
   5. It is now _________________ to find exotic varieties of fruits in the stores. However, the native varieties have become quite _________________.
3. 3.

   Read this passage.

   Chocolate is made from the seeds or beans of the tropical cacao tree which grows in large numbers in West Africa and Central and South America. Historians believe that the Mayans of Central America and the Aztecs of Mexico cultivated the cacao tree hundreds of years before it was discovered by the Europeans. The beans played a very significant role in both cultures-the Aztecs even used them for money. The word 'cacao' itself is believed to have come from two Mayan words which mean 'bitter juice.' It was mistakenly called 'cocoa' by the Europeans and since then the name has stuck. The first Europeans to learn about these beans were the Spanish, who discovered them when they conquered Central and South America. From Spain, the knowledge of these beans spread to Italy, France, Austria and finally, to England. At that time, the beans were ground to a powder and made into a rich beverage with hot water or milk. This was called drinking chocolate. It was only at the end of the eighteenth century that chocolate began to be consumed as a solidified sweet in Europe.

   This sweet as we know it, is made by passing the beans through a cleaning machine after which they are roasted to remove the outer skin. The exposed portion is then sent to large grinding machines where they are ground into a thick semi-liquid mass called cocoa butter. When the butter is removed, a dry powder is left behind. This is called cocoa powder. But to make chocolate, cocoa butter is passed through revolving cylinders. The richer the mass, the better the chocolate, so extra butter is added at this stage. Then, different flavours and sweeteners are added to the mass. This mass is then beaten for hours and sometimes days, to make it a smooth paste. The longer it is beaten, the smoother and more expensive is the chocolate. This mixture is then given shapes, cooled and hardened. This is the chocolate that we eat.

   1. Give the meanings of these words as used in the passage.
      1. significant -______________
      2. consumed -______________
      3. exposed -______________
   2. Where does the word 'cacao' come from? What does it mean?
   3. How did the Europeans first consume these beans?
   4. Why is cocoa butter important in the process of making chocolate?
   5. Summarise the process of converting the cocoa beans into chocolate in 50 words, in your notebook.