Available Answers

1. 1.

   Complete the table after reading the text.

   1.	Name of the first practical antibiotic and the country where it was discovered
   2.	Name of the hospital where Alexander Fleming worked
   3.	The first doctor to demonstrate the value of penicillin in medicine
   4.	A class of synthetic chemical drugs developed in Germany
   5.	Two other scientists who became interested in penicillin
   6.	The first human subject to whom penicillin was applied
   7.	The reason why the human subject did not survive
   8.	The year when it was recognised that penicillin was a worthwhile drug
   9.	The period when the demand for penicillin became greater
   10.	The reason why the demand for penicillin became greater
   11.	The important event that took place in 1943
   12.	The important event that took place in 1945

    

2. 2.

   Choose the right options to answer these questions.

   1. Why did minor injuries result in death before the discovery of penicillin?
      1. People would bleed to death.
      2. The existing practices were brutal.
      3. People with injuries would be isolated.
      4. The wounds would get infected.
   2. Why did Fleming not achieve fame even after his discovery of penicillin?
      1. People doubted its practical value.
      2. Others had discovered it too.
      3. Fleming did not publish his results.
      4. Fleming had lost his notes.
3. 3.

   What did Fleming's further research bring to light?
4. 4.

   Describe how penicillin came to be applied to the first human subject.
5. 5.

   The discovery of penicillin gave doctors new ammunition to fight diseases.
   Why has the writer used the word 'ammunition' when he is describing treatment of diseases?

6. 6.

   Fleming, on the other hand, followed up on his observation, and that was where the difference lay.

   1. Why has the writer used the phrase 'on the other hand'?
   2. What is the 'difference' that the writer is referring to?
   3. How did this 'difference' help Fleming?
   4. Did this 'difference' help only Fleming?